Spray nozzle



Aug. 26, 1952 E. J. MARSHALL 2,608,442

SPRAY NOZZLE Filed April 4. 1950 r/S A 0 0 7 1 7 13 \EZ A I Inventor EDWARD JOHN MARsH/ILL wan, @M

A ltorney 1 The, present invention Patented Aug. 26, 1952 SPRAY NOZZLE Edward J. Marshall, Cambridge, England, as-

signor to Arthur Kenned England y Dorman, Cambridge,

Application April 4, 1950; Serial No. 153,870

- In' Great Britain January 11, 1949 relates to s a spray. nozzle. Itmay be .used for example for the spraying 10f trees, crops orother objects with liquids for insecticidal control purposes or for applying coating compositions. used for spraying or cleansing cattle.

An object of the invention is to provide, a nozzle which can be adjusted as desired to give a wide cone of line spray or a concentrated jet, or a spray intermediate between these extremes.

According to one aspect of the invention a .spray nozzlecomprisesa hollow outer member -provided with an orifice, the internal surface of the member surrounding the orifice beingof conical formyand an innermember, which has a coned end, and which is movable relatively towards and away from and substantially in axial alignment with the orifice, one or more grooves,

orifices, or passages leading to the orifice and extending at an angle to the axis thereof, being provided in at least one of the members to produce a fine spray when the coned end of the inner member makes contact with said conical internal surface. For this purpose, the inner member may be provided with one or more groovesalong its coned surface. Alternatively, the grooves may be replaced by one or more holes formed adjacent to the coned end and extending inwardly to the end of the inner member.

When the coned end of the inner member is close to or in contact with the coned surface of the outer member, a fine widely dispersed spray is produced, most or all of the liquid passing through the grooves or passages which are provided according to the invention. When the coned surfaces of the inner and outer members are widely separated, a concentrated jet is produced. Intermediate positions of adjustment give sprays with intermediate spread.

According to a feature of the invention the grooves or passages are preferably so arranged that they form tangents to a cylinder coaxial with the nozzle so that a swirl is imparted to the liquid passing through them.

According to a further feature the angle of the coned end of the inner member is preferably made similar or equal to that of the angle of the coned surface surrounding the discharge orifice to enable a close fit to be obtained between these surfaces. 7

According to another aspect of the invention a spray nozzle comprises a hollow outer member provided with an axial discharge orifice and with a conical internal surface surrounding the orifice, a hollow inner member which has a conical The spray nozzle may also be i [4 claims. (01. 299-12 end, and an axial, passage open at the other end for connection to a supply of liquid under pressure, is movable relatively towards and away from and substantially in axial alignment with a the orifice to act as a valve in co-operation with said conical surface, and has apertures to connect said interior passage with a surrounding enclosed space in communication with the discharge orifice when the said valve is open, the

nozzle also comprising means permitting relative; axial movement between said inner and outer members and a packing to inhibit leakage through said means, and one or more grooves,

orifices, or passages; leading to the discharge orifice and extending at an angle to the axis thereof, being provided in atleast one of the members to. produce a fine spray when the coned end of the inner member makes contact with said conical internal surface. Advantageously the spray-producing grooves or passages are formed in theinner member. i The accompanying drawing is an axial section of one form ofnozzle incorporating the invention.

The nozzle isformed of three main parts, a base member lfl having ascrew thread ll for attach mentto a supply, pipe, a hollow inner member I2 having an externally screw-threaded extension M for engagement with a female thread provided in an axial bore 15 of the base member ID,

and a hollow outer member 16 having internal screw threads ll, co-operating with an external thread on the base member ID to provide adjustment in an axial direction between the inner and outer member I2 and I6. The inner member I 2 has its end formed as a truncated cone [8. Between the coned end I8 and the screw thread by which it is mounted, the inner member has a hexagonal flange [9 adapted for engagement by a spanner. The corners of this flange are rounded for guiding co-operation with the bore 23, which forms the main cavity of the outer member [6. In order to supply liquid to the interior of the outer member [6, radial bores 20 extend from the middle of each hexagon side to an axial bore l3 of the inner member. The bore I3 is open to the bore l5 of the base member to which liquid is supplied. The leading end of the inner member I2 is flattened as shown at 2|, and a number of spray-producing passages are formed by bores 22 extending from the fiat end surface 2| to the bore [3 of the inner member. These bores are spaced from and oblique to the axis of the nozzle so as to impart a swirl to the spray produced by them. In order to inhibit leakage between the base and the outer member in any 3 7 position of adjustment, a packing gasket 24 of rubber or similar material in the form of a cup with a tapered edge co-operates with the bore 23 of the outer member l6. Its flat portion is clamped between the opposed ends of the inner and base members. The outer member has a delivery orifice 25 on the axis of the nozzle, the orifice being extended inwardly by an internal conical surface 2'! which is of the same angle as the cone surface :3 on the end of the inner member 12. The outer portion 26 of the delivery orifice may be chamfered as shown.

When the outer member I6 is turned to cause the inner and outer members to move towards each other, the coned portion l8 of the inner member l2 enters the coned seat 21 at the delivery orifice 25. In the extreme'position, the coned surfaces [8 and 2'! meet, leaving only the bores 22 to carry liquid to the orifice 25, resulting in theformation of a fine spray. As the outer member is is unscrewed to increase thes'eparation of the coned surfaces, the volume and concentration of the spray are increased progressively until a solid jet is delivered.

The embodiment herein described and illustrated may be modified in various respects. For example the passages 22, which extend through the body of the valve element, may be replaced or supplemented by grooves formed in one or both of the co-operati ng cone surfaces [8 and 21. It is also to be understood that the invention is not limited to the use or a screw to control the axial relative movement of the inner and outer members and that other equivalent means may be provided for this purpose. may if desired be made as a sleeve which is adjustable in an axial direction, the position of the sleeve being controlled manually, or locking means may be provided for this purpose.

Iclaim:

1. An adjustable nozzle for spraying liquids comprising a hollow outer member and an inner member adapted to be located within the outer member, a liquid outlet orifice in said hollow outer member, a conical interior surface to said outer member communicating with said liquid The outer member 1 4 outlet orifice, a conical seating surface on the exterior of said inner member, means for axially adjusting the relative positions of said outer and inner members from a position in which the conical exterior surface of said inner member seots in valve-like fashion upon the conical interior surface of said outer member to a position in which the two conical surfaces are sepapassages extending from said bore to the exterior of said inner member, and at least one passage extending at an angle from said bore and leading towards the orifice in said outer member so that when the inner member seats on the conical valve liquid may pass along the radial passages and be discharged from the outlet orifice in a solid jet.

2. A nozzle as claimed in claim 1, in which the passages extending angularly from said axial bore extend to the conical surface of the inner member near the axis thereof.

3. A nozzle as claimed in claim 1, in which the 'angularly-extending passages are spaced from and oblique to the axis of the nozzle so as to impart a swirl to the spray produced by them.

4. A nozzle as claimed in claim 2, in which the angularly-extending passages are spaced from and oblique to the axis of the nozzle so as to imp'art a swirl to the spray produced by them.

EDWARD J. MARSHALL.

Number 7 Name Date 2,080,264 Gray l May 11, 1937 2,098,487 Cooper et a1. Nov. 9; 1937 2,484,037 King Oct. 11,1949 

